Recommendations for high-risk populations, screening and prevention of melanoma

High-risk objects
        1. People with family history;
        2. People who have had skin cancer or malignant melanoma;
        3. People with pigmented moles or spots in the following areas: between the toes, soles of the feet, palms, scalp, behind the ears, nails and toenails, between the buttocks, and around the genitals;
        4. Those who have huge congenital pigmented nevi;
        5. Those who have been exposed to the sun for a long time.
 
Screening recommendations
        1. Pay attention to the pigmented moles and spots on various parts of the skin, and frequently self-examine; discover and continue to observe the new pigmented moles and spots on the skin.
        2. Follow the ABCDE guidelines, frequently conduct self-examinations on the changes of existing pigmented moles or spots, make records, find abnormalities, and seek medical attention in time.
        A. Indicates asymmetry. If the mole looks different on both sides, you need to ask a doctor to check it.
        B. Represent the boundary. The border around the mole should be smooth and even.
        C. Represents color. Some moles are pink or brown. Regardless of the color, each mole should have only one color.
        D. Represents the diameter. The diameter of the mole should be less than 6 cm. If the mole suddenly becomes larger or enlarged, please seek medical attention immediately.
        E. Represent progress. Moles can change in many ways, including size, color, borders, and appearance of ulceration. Please seek medical attention immediately.
        3. Moles on the parts of hands and feet that are prone to rubbing can be removed by preventive surgery to prevent malignant transformation.

Prevention advice
        1. Do physical or chemical sun protection outdoors and avoid exposure to the sun;
        2. It is particularly important to avoid repeated trimming or breaking of pigmented moles in special parts;
        3. It is strictly forbidden to dispose of moles at will, or go to informal hospitals;
        4. Eat a reasonable diet and avoid spicy and irritating foods.